6. Quality Control

6. Quality Control

 “Quality control is a system of inspection, analysis and action applied to a manufacturing process so that, by inspecting a small portion of the product currently produced, an analysis of its quality can be made to determine what action is required on the operation in order to achieve and maintain the desired level of quality.”

Objective :

  1. To understand the concept of Quality, cost of quality.

  2. To understand the concept and principles of TQM. 

6.1 Quality  : 

Important points discussed in this Topic :

Quality is a degree of excellence which a thing possess. Quality product is known for its unique features and usefulness and is easily distinguished from rest. In this Chapter, we studied about "Quality" and its importance in the Industry.

1. We studied about the Quality characteristics of a product based on its features like Design, Commercial value, Reliability, Appearance, Service, etc.

2. Various objectives of Quality Control, such as :

• To establish the desired quality standards which are acceptable to the customers.
• To discover flaws or variations in the raw materials and the manufacturing processes in order to ensure smooth and uninterrupted production.
• To evaluate the methods and processes of production and suggest further improvements in their functioning.
• To study and determine the extent of quality deviation in a product during the manufacturing process.
• To analyze in detail the causes responsible for such deviation.

3. Specifications of Quality such as Quality of Design, Quality of Conformance, Quality of Performance, Quality of Assurance.
Reliability and Reliability goals such as Budgeting, Analysis, and Prediction. Also about improving the reliability of product.   

4. Cost of Quality and its types such as cost of prevention, cost of appraisal, and cost of failure.
Value of Quality, Value and Relationship Quality. Consumers choose goods and services based on the assumption that they will be rewarded with value and satisfaction. Consumption is the process by which goods and services are used and assigned a level of value by the consumer.

5. What is Quality Assurance Engineering? A Quality Assurance Engineer designs and executes product testing in order to identify and fix products’ flaws before they go to market. When a car company wants to assess a vehicle, for instance, it puts crash-test dummies inside and simulates a car wreck.
Three stages of QA :
        a. Design Stage
        b. Manufacturing Stage
        c. Field Observations

6. Why Inspection is carried out in a Company? Various objectives and types of Inspection such as Offline & Online Inspection. Field Complaints and remedies to settle these complaints.

6.2 Total Quality Management :

 

Important points discussed in this Topic :

7. Introduction and brief discussion about TQM, its concept, its Principles, Importance,  Definition of TQM : Total Quality management is defined as a continuous effort by the management as well as employees of a particular organization to ensure long term customer loyalty and customer satisfaction.

8. Concept of Quality circle, Working/Operation of Quality circle, Characteristics, Objectives, Advantages, Limitations, and Problem solving Technique.
 

9. Discussed about Quality Audits, Objectives and Procedure of Quality Audits. Quality audit is the process of systematic examination of a quality system carried out by an internal or external quality auditor or an audit team. It is an important part of an organization's quality management system and is a key element in the ISO quality system standard, ISO 9001.

10. Methodology of system improvement using Sigma Six. Six Sigma is a disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects (driving toward six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest specification limit) in any process – from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service. 
The 6S in Sigma Six are :
Standardize, Sustain, Sort, Set in Order, Shine, and Safety.